The Stalingrad and Kharkov tractor plants came into operation in the early 1930s and enabled mechanization of the most power-consuming agricultural operations such as ploughing, sowing and harvesting. However, row crops (sugar beet, corn, potato, cotton, etc.) were still cultivated using horsepower because the first tractors could not be used for loosening, thinning or hilling. In 1933, the total area of row crops in USSR was 20 million hectares. Thus, cultivating tractors were necessary.
Such a tractor was designed at the Research Institute for Tractor Building in Moscow on the basis of the Farmall model (US). However, the new tractor was by no means a simple copy of the original model. The design was modified to meet Soviet production and service conditions.
The new tractor was called Universal. It had a 22 h.p. engine and its design was simple and reliable. From 1934 to 1940, the tractor was fabricated in Leningrad, and the second plant came into operation in Vladimir in 1944 where the fabrication continued until 1955. A total of 210,000 Universal tractors of various modifications were produced from 1934 to 1955.
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Today's Featured Article - The Rescue of a Fordson F - by Anthony West. Introduction I live in the UK and have for many years restored Fordson tractors (in the main model N's). I have also restored and shown model F's, E 27N's, Field Marshall Series 2, David Brown Cropmasters and the old rey Fergeson T 20. At one time I had seven restored examples which were shown and used in ploughing matches. As most restorers, I have a number of war stories I can relate on a range of topics that may help other like minded and interested people. Perhaps my first p
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